Japan's Declining Birthrate and Aging Population
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日本の少子高齢化問題とその対策
日本の少子高齢化は、世界に類を見ない速度で進行している。2021年の統計では、65歳以上の高齢者が総人口の29.1%を占め、15歳未満の子どもは11.8%にまで減少した。この現象は、労働力不足、社会保障費の増大、経済成長の鈍化など、多岐にわたる問題を引き起こしている。
政府は対策として、「一億総活躍社会」を掲げ、多方面からアプローチを試みている。具体的には、待機児童解消や育児休業制度の拡充などの子育て支援、高齢者の就労促進、年金制度の見直しなどが挙げられる。また、AI・ロボット技術の活用による生産性向上や、外国人労働者の受け入れ拡大なども推進している。
しかし、これらの対策は十分ではないという声も上がっている。30年間にわたる長期の経済停滞により、家族はおろか自分一人の生活を維持するだけで精一杯の若者たちも少なくない。
少子高齢化問題の解決には、社会構造全体の変革が不可欠だ。働き方改革、女性の社会進出支援、教育システムの見直しなど、長期的視点に立った総合的な取り組みが求められている。
Japan's Declining Birthrate and Aging Population
Japan's declining birthrate and aging population are progressing at an unprecedented rate globally. According to 2021 statistics, people aged 65 and over account for 29.1% of the total population, while children under 15 have decreased to 11.8%. This phenomenon is causing various problems, including labor shortages, increased social security costs, and slowing economic growth.
As a countermeasure, the government has proposed a "Society in Which All Citizens are Dynamically Engaged" and is attempting to approach the issue from multiple angles. Specifically, these include childcare support such as eliminating waiting lists for daycare and expanding childcare leave systems, promoting employment for the elderly, and reviewing the pension system. They are also promoting the use of AI and robotics technology to improve productivity and expanding the acceptance of foreign workers.
However, there are voices saying these measures are insufficient. Due to 30 years of long-term economic stagnation, many young people struggle to maintain even their own lives, let alone support a family.
Solving the problem of declining birthrate and aging population requires a transformation of the entire social structure. Comprehensive efforts from a long-term perspective are needed, including work style reforms, support for women's social advancement, and review of the education system.
*Translated by AI
*Content and word info are for learning purposes and may not be 100% accurate.